Test Paper: 3-kyu (GREEN BELT)

3-kyu (GREEN BELT) TEST PAPER

Eligibility for test

• 4th KYU (orange belt) students with minimum 40 judo classes taken
• consistent attendance of MSMA grappling program
• test fee paid, check payable to Master Shin Martial Arts
• on time for test, wearing correct JUDO-GI with orange belt

Criteria to PASS 3-kyu test

minimum 750 / 1000 Overall test score

minimum 140 / 200 written test score on general Judo knowledge

minimum 70/ 100 ukemi test score

minimum 300 / 400 nage-waza test score

minimum 200 / 300 katame-waza test score

General Judo knowledge:

• SHIAI (competition) rules – see appendix
• Judo History and principles – see appendix
• Judo terminology – see appendix

UKEMI : falling techniques

Student must demonstrate good proficiency in the following falls:

• USHIRU UKEMI: Advanced backwards fall in motion
• YOKO UKEMI: Advanced Side fall, left and right in motion
• ZEMPO KAITEN: Advanced Forward Rolling fall, left and right in motion

NAGE WAZA: throwing techniques

Student demonstrates 10 of the following techniques (4 choice student, 6 choice sensei)

· From shizen-hon-tai basic kumi-kata

o Kosoto-gari: small outer reap

o Harai-goshi: sweeping hip

o Okuri-ashi-barai: sliding foot sweep

o Kata-guruma: shoulder wheel

o Tani-otoshi: valley drop

o low OUCHI-GARI (one or two handed)

· In basic motion (moving forward, backward or sideways)

o MOROTE-SEOI-NAGE: 2 handed shoulder throw

o HIZA-GURUMA: knee wheel

o SASAE-TSURIKOMI-ASHI: supporting foot lift-pull throw

o DEASHI-BARAI: advance foot sweep

o KOUCHI-GARI: small inward reap

o KOSHI-GORUMA: hip wheel

o TAI-OTOSHI: body drop

· In free motion

o OSOTO-GARI: major outer reap

o OUCHI-GARI: major inner reap

o O-GOSHI: major hip throw

o IPPON SEOI-NAGE: shoulder throw

RENRAKU WAZA: combination techniques

Student demonstrates 5 of the following techniques (choice student)

Osoto-gari	-->	harai-goshi
Osoto-gari	-->	sasae-tsurikomi ashi
Osoto-gari	-->	ouchi-gari
Ippon-seoi-nage	-->	ko-uchi-gari
Ippon-seoi-nage	-->	osoto-gari
Ippon-seoi-nage	-->	ippon-seoi-nage
O-goshi	-->	ko-uchi-gari
O-goshi	-->	o-uchi-gari
O-goshi	-->	harai-goshi
O-uchi-gari	-->	ko-uchi-gari
O-uchi-gari	-->	osoto-gari
O-uchi-gari	-->	sasae-tsurikomiashi
O-uchi-gari	-->	tai-otoshi
Sasae-tsurikomi-ashi	-->	kesa-gatame
Sasae-tsurikomi-ashi	-->	yoko-shiho-gatame
Sasae-tsurikomi-ashi	-->	kami-shiho-gatame
Deashi-barai	-->	tai-otoshi
Deashi-barai	-->	yoko-shiho-gatame
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	ouchi-gari
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	Seoi-nage
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	tai-otoshi
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	hiza-guruma
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	de-ashi-barai
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	kesa-gatame
Morote seoi nage	-->	ko-uchi-gari
Morote seoi nage	-->	ouchi-gari
Tai-otoshi	-->	ko-uchi-gari
Tai-otoshi	-->	o-uchi-gari
Tai-otoshi	-->	tai-otoshi
Hiza-guruma	-->	harai-goshi
Hiza-guruma	-->	sasae-tsurikomiashi
Hiza-guruma	-->	de-ashi-barai
Kosoto-gari	-->	kosoto-gari
Harai-goshi	-->	osoto-gari

KAESHI WAZA: counter techniques

Student demonstrates 5 of the following techniques (choice student)

Osoto-gari	-->	osoto-gaeshi
Ippon-seoi-nage	-->	okuri-eri-jime
O-goshi	-->	o-goshi
O-uchi-gari	-->	o-uchi-gaeshi
O-uchi-gari	-->	ippon-seoinage
O-uchi-gari	-->	hiza-guruma
O-uchi-gari	-->	tai-otosi
Deashi-barai	-->	tsubami-gaeshi
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	hiza-guruma
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	de-asi-barai
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	kouchi-gaeshi
Ko-uchi-gari	-->	sasae-tsurikomiashi
Hiza-guruma	-->	kuchiki-daoshi
Hiza-guruma	-->	ouchi-gari
Kosoto-gari	-->	ippon-seoinage
Kosoto-gari	-->	ouchi-gari
Harai-goshi	-->	tani-otoshi

KATAME WAZA : Grappling techniques

.

Osae komi waza (pinning techniques)

Student demonstrates 5 of the following techniques (choice sensei)

Kesa gatame (basic scarf hold)

Kami shiho gatame (upper four quarters hold)

Yoko shiho gatame (side four quarters hold)

Tate shiho gatame (lengthwise four quarters hold)

Ushiro kesa gatame (reverse scarf hold)

Kata gatame (shoulder hold)

Kuzure kesa gatame (modified scarf hold)

Fusegi (Escape techniques)

Student demonstrates 3 of the following techniques (choice sensei)

· Kesa gatame escapes

1. Bridge, turn, roll

2. Inside turn

3. Leg scissors

· Kami shiho gatame escape

1. Inside turn

2. Elbow to knee leg scissors

3. Belt bridge

· Yoko shiho gatame escape

1. Figure four head

2. Elbow to knee leg scissors

3. Belt bridge

· Ushiro kesa gatame escape

1. Outside turn

· Tate shiho gatame escape

1. Leg scissors

2. Bridge and turn

· Kuzure kesa gatame escape

1. Inside turn

Shime waza (choking/strangling techniques)

Student demonstrates 3 of the following techniques (choice student)

• Hadaka jime (naked strangle)
• Okuri eri jime (sliding collar choke)
• Kata ha jime (single wing choke)
• Sankaku jime (triangle choke)
• Juji jime (normal cross strangle)

Kansetsu waza (armlock techniques)

Student demonstrates 3 of the following techniques (choice student)

• Juji gatame (cross arm lock)
• Waki gatame (arm pit lock)
• Ude Garame (arm antanglement)
• Ude-gatame (arm hold)

Newaza combinations and Applications

Demonstrate the following techniques

• Switching from pin to pin: Normal Pin Series (Kuzure Kesa to Kamishiho to Yokoshiho to Tateshiho to Kata gatame to Kesa gatame)
• Switching from pin to pin: Reverse Pin Series (Kesa gatame to Ushiro kesa gatame to Yoko shiho gatame to kamishiho gatame)

• Demonstrate 2 techniques for passing the guard to pin
• Demonstrate 5 techniques for turning over uki on all 4s
1. to pin
2. to choke
3. to armlock
• Demonstrate 5 Attacks from bottom
1. to pin
2. to choke
3. to armlock

Judo History & Philosophy

What is Judo?

Judo is many things to different people. It is a fun sport, an art, a discipline, a recreational or social activity, a fitness program, a means of self-defense or combat, and a way of life. It is all of these and more. Judo is Fun!

As in all sports, Judo has a strict set of rules that governs competition and ensures safety. For those who want to test their skills, Judo offers the opportunity for competition at all skill levels, from club to national tournaments, to the Olympic Games. There are separate weight divisions for men and women, and boys and girls.

Judo is best known for it's spectacular throwing techniques but also involves considerable grappling on the ground utilizing specialized pins, control holds, arm locks, and Judo choking techniques. Judo emphasizes safety, and full physical activity for top conditioning. Judo is thought on special mats for comfort and safety.

Origin

In feudal times in Japan, there were various military arts developed and used by the samurai classes in their special form of warfare. Amongst these martial arts were fencing, archery, the use of spears and the art of jujutsu. The word jujitsu may be translated freely as "the art of gaining victory by yielding or pliancy." Originally, jujitsu seems to have been applied to what may best be described as the art of fighting without weapons, although in some cases short weapons were used against opponents fighting with long weapons. The techniques were principally throwing, hitting, kicking, choking, holding the opponent down, and bending or twisting the opponent's arms or legs in such a way as to cause pain or fracture. Although it seems to resemble wrestling, it differs materially from wrestling as practiced in USA, its main principle being not to match strength with strength, but to gain victory by yielding to strength.

A main feature of the art is the application of the principles of nonresistance and taking advantage of the opponent's loss of equilibrium; hence the name jujutsu literally soft or gentle art.

Judo is a refinement of the ancient martial art of Jujutsu. Jigoro Kano, mastered several styles in his youth, he began to develop his own system based on modern sports principles. In 1882 he founded the Kodokan Judo Institute in Tokyo where he began teaching and which still is the international authority for Judo.

Judo was introduced into the Olympic Games in 1964 and is practiced by millions of people throughout the world today. People practice Judo to excel in competition, to stay in shape, to develop self-confidence, and for many other reasons. But most of all, people do Judo just for the fun of it.

Jigoro Kano

Jigoro Kano was born on Oct. 28, 1860 in Kobe, Japan as the third son in a family of three boys and two girls. Jigoro was physically weak as a child, and he was beaten up often by bullies. His desire to learn how to defend himself lead him to jujitsu. He started training in jujitsu at the age of 17, but his instructor, Ryuji Katagiri, felt he was too young for serious training. At the age of 18 Jigoro enrolled at Tokyo Imperial University. In Tokyo, he started training with Hachinosuke Fukuda, a master in the Tenjin-Shinyo School of Jujitsu, focus on free style practice (Randori). The 19-year-old joined another branch of the Tenjin-shinyo-ryu run by a 62-year-old instructor Masatomo Iso who was known for his excellence in formal techniques (kata). Kano showed extraordinary talent and trained very hard and became a master in Tenjin-shinyo-ryu jujitsu at age 21. Next Kano began training the dojo of Tsunetoshi Iikubo, master of the Kito School of Jujitsu, who was especially skillful at teaching throwing techniques (nage-waza) In 1881, Kano graduated from Tokyo Imperial University and got a position as a literature instructor at the exclusive Gakushuin School. It was during these jujitsu training days that Jigoro Kano worked out some new throws and turned his attention more and more to ways of reforming jujitsu into some kind of new system. The transition from jujitsu to Judo was made slowly but surely.

in February 1882, the 22-year-old Jigoro Kano took nine of his private students from the Kito-ryu school and set up his own dojo in the Eishoji Temple. This event is regarded as the birth of Judo

1884 was the year when the Kodokan laws were drawn. Taking together all the knowledge that he had acquired from the various schools of jujitsu, and adding his own inventions, he had founded a new system for physical culture, mental training and winning contests. This he called Kodokan Judo. The big difference from jujitsu was the "do" in Judo -- finding the way. Kano saw Judo as a way of life. He saw it in terms of a sport, whereas jujitsu was merely a martial art, a method of defense. The dangerous techniques of jujitsu were eliminated from the Judo contests, but retained as part of Judo's defense system.

Principles of Judo

Judo, which is translated as the "gentle way", teaches the principle of flexibility in the application of technique. This is the flexible or efficient use of balance, leverage, and movement in the performance of Judo throws and other skills. Skill, technique and timing, rather than the use of brute strength, are the essential ingredients for success in Judo. For example, in Judo classes you may learn how to give way, rather than use force, to overcome a stronger opponent.

The principles of Judo, "Maximum Efficiency" and "Mutual Welfare and Benefit", can also be used in our dealings with others in life. The ultimate goal in Judo is to develop oneself to the maximum extent possible, always striving for perfection, so that you can contribute something of value to the world.

Suppose we estimate that the strength of a man is ten units, whereas my strength is only seven units. When he pushes me with all his force, I will be pushed back or thrown down, even if I use all my strength against him. The weaker opponent is defeated when opposing strength to strength.

But if, instead of opposing him, I leave him unresisted, withdrawing my body just as much as he pushes, at the same time keeping my balance, he will naturally lean forward and lose his balance. In this new position he may become so weak (not in actual physical strength, but because of his awkward position) as to reduce his strength for the moment, say to three units only instead of ten. Meanwhile, by keeping my balance, I retain my full strength available for any emergency. Using this principle of nonresistance and taking advantage of the opponent's loss of equilibrium, I can defeat even a stronger opponent.

Examples

o Opponents leans forward

n Apply arm on his back, slip hip in front

n Hip becomes fulcrum

n Throw heavy opponent be twisting hip of pulling sleeve slightly

o Opponent steps forward

n Sweep foot split second before he places full weight on the foot

n Opponent falls due to supporting foot

o Opponent rushes forward

n Takes his sleeves, place my foot on his lower abdomen,

n I fall back and straighten my leg

n Make him somersault over me

o Opponent leans forward and pushes with one hand

n Grab upper sleeve, pivot, grab his shoulder and bend down

n Fly over my head flat on his back

Classification of Judo Techniques

All judo techniques fall into one of three categories, and each category is further subdivided.

Nage-waza (Throwing Techniques)	Tachi-waza (standing techniques	Te-waza (hand techniques),
		Koshi-waza (hip tech­niques)
		Ashi-waza (foot or leg techniques),
	Sutemi-waza (sacrifice techniques	Ma-sutemi-waza (rear sacrifice techniques)
		Yoko-sutemi-waza (side sacrifice techniques).
Katame-waza (Grappling Techniques)	Osae-komi-waza (hold-down techniques),	The term ne-waza (mat work) is sometimes used in place of katame-waza, but it is misleading in that not all katame-waza are executed while lying on the mat. Some strangleholds and joint locks, for example, can be applied from a standing position.
	Shime­-waza (strangling techniques)
	Kansetsu-waza (joint techniques).
Atemi-waza (Striking Techniques)	Ude-waza (arm strikes)	Atemi-waza are techniques for disabling an assailant by attacking with the fist, the knife edge of the hand, the fingertips, the elbow, the knee, the ball of the foot, the toes, the heel, the forehead or the back of the head. The technique may take the form of striking, punching, chopping, thrusting, jabbing or kicking. The result of making forceful contact with a vital point can be pain, loss of consciousness, coma, disablement or death. Ate-waza are practiced in kata, never in randori nor shia
	Ashi-ate (leg strikes)

Judo contest rules

Start of a Contest

Prior to a contest (shiai) one contestant is assigned a blue sash to wear in addition to their obi (belt) and/or they will be asked to wear a blue Judogi. After the contestants have bowed and stepped forward, the referee announces hajime (begin) to start the contest.

Scoring a Contest

Scores

• Ippon (full point)
• Waza-ari (almost ippon, half point)
• Yuko (almost waza-ari)
• Koka (almost yuko)

Penalties

• Hansoku-make (very serious violation, disqualification)
• Shido (minor violation, koka to the opponent the first time, then increasing score each time)

Objective

In Judo competition the objective is to score an ippon (one full point). Once such a score is obtained the competition ends. An ippon can be scored by one of the following methods:

• Executing a skillful throwing technique which results in one contestant being thrown largely on the back with considerable force or speed.
• Maintaining a pin for 25 seconds.
• One contestant cannot continue and gives up.
• One contestant is disqualified for violating the rules (hansoku-make).
• Applying an effective armbar or an effective stranglehold (this does not usually apply for children).
• Earning two waza-ari (half point). A waza-ari can be earned by: 1) a throwing technique that is not quite an ippon (for example the opponent lands only partly on the back, or with less force than required for ippon); 2) holding one contestant in a pin for 20 seconds; or 3) when the opponent violates the rules (shido) three times.

If the time runs out with neither contestant scoring an ippon, then the referee will award the win to the contestant who has the next highest score. For example a contestant with one yuko would win against an opponent who scored 4 kokas.

Basic Referee Signals

	Ippon (full point): Opponent is thrown on the back with force, or held under control on the mat for 25 seconds.
	Waza-ari (near ippon): Throw is not completely successful, or opponent is held under control for at least 20 seconds.
	Yuko (almost waza-ari): Throw is partially successful, or opponent is held under control for 15 to 20 seconds.
	Koka (almost yuko): Opponent is thrown with some force but not on the back, or opponent is held under control for at least 10 seconds
	Osaekomi (mat hold begins): Opponent is held under control on his or her back and the time starts.
	Matte (stop): Match is stopped temporarily and the time clock pauses

Judo Terminology

Body parts		actions		numbers
ashi	foot/leg	harai	sweep	0	rei
hiza	knee	jime	choke	1	ichi
mata	tigh	gatame	hold	2	ni
koshi	hip	garami	entangled hold	3	san
tai	body	guruma	wheel	4	si
hara	stomach	gake	hook	5	go
mune	chest	gari	reap	6	roku
yoko	side	otoshi	drop	7	sichi
ura	back	nage	throw	8	achi
kubi	neck	hane	spring	9	ku
kata	shoulder			10	ju
waki	armpit			11	Juichi (10 plus one)
ude	arm			12	Juni (10 plus 2)
hiji	elbow			...
te	hand			19	Juku (10 plus 9)
yubi	finger			20	Niju (2 10's)
				...
				29	Nijuku (2 10's plus a 9)
				...
				30	Sanju (3 10's)
				...
				35	Sanjugo (3 10's plus a 5)
				...
				99	Kujuku (9 10's plus a 9)
				100	Hyaku
				1000	Sen
				10000	man
				100000	juman
				1000000	hyakuman
				10000000	senman
				100000000	oku

Principles of Judo

Judo Ichidai	A Judo life--Spending one's life in the diligent pursuit of Judo
Seiryoku Zenyo	Principle of maximum efficiency
Ju no ri	Principle of flexibility or yielding
Jita Kyoei	Principle of mutual prosperity

Vocabulary

1 Ayumi ashi	Ordinary pattern of walking
2 Budo	Martial arts
1 Dan	Black belt rank
1 Dojo	School or training hall for studying the way
3 Eri	Collar, lapel
3 Hansokumake	Penalty, disqualification
3 Hantei	Referee call for judge's decision
2 Hidari	Left
3 Hiki-wake	No decision--tie or draw
2 Jigotai	Defensive posture
1 Jime	Strangle or choke
2 Joseki	Place of honor, upper seat
1 Judo	Gentle or flexible way
1 Judogi	Judo practice uniform
1 Judoka	Judoist
2 Ju no kata	Forms of gentleness
3 Kaeshiwaza	Counter techniques
1 Kake	Completion or execution of technique
2 Kata	Forms
2 Katame no kata	Forms of grappling
1 Jujutsu	Gentle art
1 Kiai	Spirit shout
2 Kime-no-kata	Classical forms of attack and defense
3 Kodansha	High ranking judoka -- 5th dan and above
1 Kodokan	Judo institute in Tokyo where Judo was founded
3 Kumikata	Gripping methods
1 Kuzushi	Unbalancing the opponent
1 Kyu	Student rank
1 Matte	Stop
3 Migi	Right
1 Nage	Throw
2 Nage no kata	Forms of throwing
2 Nagekomi	Repetitive throwing practice
1 Newaza	Techniques on the ground
1 Obi	Judo belt
2 Randori	Free practice
1 Rei	Bow
3 Renraku waza	Combination techniques
1 Seiza	Formal kneeling posture
1 Sensei	Teacher, instructor
2 Shiai	Contest
3 Shimban (shinpan)	Referee
1 Shizentai	Natural posture
1 Shomen	Dojo front
2 Sore made	Stop, time is up
3 Tai Sabaki	Body control
1 Tatami	Mat
3 Tokuiwaza	Favorite/best technique
2 Tori	Attacker or person initiating a technique
1 Tsugi Ashi	Walking by bringing one foot up to another
1 Tsukuri	Entry into a technique, positioning
1 Uchikomi	Repeated practice without completion
2 Uke	Defender or person receiving the technique
1 Ukemi	Breakfall techniques
1 Waza	Technique
2 Waza ari	Near ippon or half point
3 Waza ari awasete ippon	Two waza-ari for the win
3 Yoshi	Resume action, continue
3 Yudansha	Person who earned the black belt
3 Yudanshakai	Black belt association
3 Yusei gachi	Win by judge's decision
2 Zenpo Kaiten Ukemi	Forward rolling break fall